Equity-Based Compensation |
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Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc [Member] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity-Based Compensation |
Equity-Based Compensation
When a common share is issued by the Company, the Operating Partnership issues one corresponding unit of partnership interest to the Company's wholly owned subsidiaries. Therefore, when the Company grants an equity based award, the Operating Partnership treats each award as having been granted by the Operating Partnership. In the discussion below, the term "we" refers to the Company and the Operating Partnership together and the term "shares" is meant to also include corresponding units of the Operating Partnership.
We may issue up to 15.4 million common shares under the Plan. Through December 31, 2016, we had granted 7,543,760 options, net of options forfeited; 5,014,072 restricted common share awards, net of restricted common shares forfeited or withheld for employees' tax obligations; and notional units which may result in the issuance of a maximum of 759,176 common shares. Shares remaining available for future issuance totaled 2,082,992 common shares. The amount and terms of the awards granted under the Plan were determined by the Board of Directors (or the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors).
We recorded equity-based compensation expense in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, as follows (in thousands):
Equity-based compensation expense capitalized as a part of rental property and deferred lease costs were as follows (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2016, there was $25.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested common equity-based compensation arrangements granted under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years.
Restricted Common Share Awards
During 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company granted 286,524, 357,844 and 373,960 restricted common shares, respectively, to the independent directors and the senior executive officers. The independent directors' restricted common shares vest ratably over a three year period and the senior executive officers' restricted common shares vest ratably over a four or five year period. For the restricted shares issued to our chief executive officer during 2016, 2015 and 2014, the restricted share agreements require him to hold the shares for a minimum of three years following each applicable vesting date thereof. Compensation expense related to the amortization of the deferred compensation is being recognized in accordance with the vesting schedule of the restricted shares. For all of the restricted common share awards described above, the grant date fair value of the award was determined based upon the closing market price of the Company's common shares on the day prior to the grant date and the associated compensation expense is being recognized in accordance with the vesting schedule of each grant.
The following table summarizes information related to unvested restricted common shares outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014:
The total value of restricted common shares vested during the years ended 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $12.7 million, $13.1 million and $46.6 million, respectively. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, we withheld shares with value equivalent to the employees' minimum statutory obligation for the applicable income and other employment taxes, and remitted the cash to the appropriate taxing authorities. The total number of shares withheld were 66,760, 31,863 and 412,239 for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and were based on the value of the restricted common shares on the vesting date as determined by our closing share price on the day prior to the vesting date. Total amounts paid for the employees' tax obligation to taxing authorities were $2.2 million, $1.1 million and $15.5 million for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which is reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Notional Unit Performance Awards
Outperformance Plan
Every year since 2013, the Compensation Committee of Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc. approved the terms of the Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc. Outperformance Plan (the “OPP"). The OPP is a long-term incentive long-term performance based incentive compensation plan. Recipients may earn units which may convert, subject to the achievement of the goals described below, into restricted common shares of the Company based on the Company’s absolute share price appreciation (or total shareholder return) and its share price appreciation relative to its peer group over a three-year measurement period. Any shares earned at the end of the three-year measurement period are subject to a time based vesting schedule, with 50% of the shares vesting immediately following the measurement period, and the remaining 50% vesting one year thereafter, contingent upon continued employment with the Company through the vesting dates (unless terminated prior thereto (a) by the Company without cause, (b) by participant for good reason or (c) due to death or disability.
The following table sets forth OPP performance targets and other relevant information about each plan:
The fair values of the OPP awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 were determined at the grant dates using a Monte Carlo simulation pricing model and the following assumptions:
The following table sets forth OPP activity for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014:
2010 Multi Year Performance Plan
During the first quarter of 2010, the Company's Compensation Committee approved the general terms of the Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc. 2010 Multi-Year Performance Plan, (the "2010 Multi Year Performance Plan"). Under the 2010 Multi-Year Performance Plan, we granted 392,000 notional units, net of notional units forfeited, to award recipients as a group, which would convert into restricted common shares on a one-for one basis, one-for two basis, or one-for-three basis depending upon the amount by which the Company's common shares appreciated above a minimum level over a four year performance period ending December 31, 2013, not to exceed a total value of approximately $32.2 million. Based on the Company's performance over the four year measurement period, we issued 933,769 restricted common shares in January 2014 which vested on December 31, 2014 contingent on continued employment through the vesting date. The fair value of the awards were calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation pricing model.
Option Awards
In February 2014, the Company granted 282,500 options to non-executive employees of the Company. The exercise price of the options granted during the first quarter of 2014 was $32.02 which equaled the closing market price of the Company's common shares on the day prior to the grant date. The options expire 10 years from the date of grant and 20% of the options become exercisable in each of the first five years commencing one year from the date of grant. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: expected dividend yield 2.8%; expected life of 7 years; expected volatility of 32%; a risk-free rate of 2.46%; and forfeiture rates of 3.0% to 13.5% dependent upon the employee's position within the Company.
Options outstanding at December 31, 2016 had the following weighted average exercise prices and weighted average remaining contractual lives:
A summary of option activity under the Plan for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 (aggregate intrinsic value amount in thousands):
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $469,000, $200,000 and $724,000, respectively.
401(k) Retirement Savings Plan
We have a 401(k) Retirement Savings Plan covering substantially all employees who meet certain age and employment criteria. An employee may invest pretax earnings in the 401(k) plan up to the maximum legal limits (as defined by Federal regulations). This plan allows participants to defer a portion of their compensation and to receive matching contributions for a portion of the deferred amounts. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, we contributed approximately $828,000, $742,000 and $703,000, respectively, to the 401(k) Retirement Savings Plan.
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